What are mortgage points?
Points on a mortgage are an industry term referring to the lump sum you can pay at closing in exchange for a reduced interest rate over the life of the loan. Typically included in the closing costs, the “discount points” reduce your rate which subsequently lowers your mortgage payment.
Mortgage discount points are similar to getting prepaid interest for your home loan. Instead of paying for the interest over time, you incur an upfront cost to reduce the amount due. Because of this, the plan only makes sense if you plan to stay in the home over the long term.
Typically, there are two types of mortgage points:
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Discount points
These are typically the prepaid interest mentioned above. Each point you purchase will lower your mortgage loan by a pre-agreed percentage, normally 0.25% but can be variable based on the borrower and the market conditions.
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Origination points
These are costs associated with mortgage processing. The lender can offer the points to shave off the principal amount. Origination points are less popular in today’s real estate market, with most lenders providing no-fee mortgages or a flat fee.
You may have to negotiate with your loan officer on the origination points, depending on your credit score, real estate down payment, and loan type.
If you need help determining your budget, our mortgage payment calculator can help you estimate your monthly home payment.
How do mortgage points work?
The discount points you purchase go into paying off some of your future mortgage payments upfront, reducing what would otherwise be your monthly remittances.
Generally, one mortgage point will lower the interest rates by a quarter of a percentage. This value can vary depending on the lender, loan type, loan term, and the number of points you want to buy.
Suppose that you want to take out a $200,000 mortgage at a fixed rate of 4.5% with a repayment period of 30 years. Each point would cost $2,000. It would knock 0.25% off the interest rate, lowering it to 4.25%. You can reduce your monthly payments from $1,013.37 to $983.88, saving $29.49 per month.
Over a 30-year loan term, the savings can compound to $10,616.40 per percentage point. Purchasing multiple points can lower your interest rates even more. This figure is an approximation and may not reflect the prevailing rates.
How much do mortgage points cost?
The price of discount points may differ from one mortgage lender to the other. Contact your lender directly and ask about their current options for discounting the interest rate on your loan based on how much money is paid upfront at closing.
To figure out when you’ll start recouping your money, you can divide the amount paid for the discount point with the monthly savings. For the preceding example, the $2,000 discount point is divided by $29.49 savings in a month to give a break-even point of 67.82 months.
Keep in mind that the example only covers the principal amount and interest.
How many mortgage points can I buy?
The number of discount points you can purchase when buying a home depends largely on the lender. Most lenders cap the number of points available at 1% to 3% of the loan amount. They also allow fractional point calculation, such as half a discount point that reduces the interest rate by 0.125%.
The choice of the number of mortgage points to lower your interest rate depends on your cash reserves, the type of loan you choose, and the lender’s terms on the dropped percentage per discount point.
Reasons to buy down the mortgage rate
Mortgage points are not ideal for every borrower. Here are some reasons why you might consider using the mortgage points to lower your interest rate:
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Points are a percentage of the total loan amount, calculated as a one-time purchase rather than an ongoing payment. You can take advantage of the “prepaid interest” to make additional savings in your monthly payments.
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The longer you keep your home, the more savings you make from your mortgage points. If you plan to live in your house for a long time, the discount points are an excellent way to buy down your interest rates.
You can make back your investment over the loan term. If you consider reselling or refinancing your home a few years before the break-even point, mortgage points may not be your best option.
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Mortgage points are an investment that you make in your home purchase. You’re essentially paying a fee to lower the interest rate on your loan and save money over the life of your mortgage.
The amount you’ll save depends on how many points you purchase, how long it takes to pay off those points, and what type of interest rate reduction they yield.
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Buying down the interest rate depends largely on the cash reserve you have to complete the transaction. You can use the additional funds from your savings for the down payment and closing costs to purchase mortgage points, consequently reducing the interest rates for the loan.
You can use a mortgage calculator to find the exact costs of buying discount points.
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The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, which applies for the tax years 2018-2025, allows for the inclusion of mortgage points as tax-deductible on Schedule A, Form 1040. The IRS stipulates borrowers deduct the points proportionally over the life of the mortgage loan.
The deductions are also limited to the first $750,000 of the loan. Speak to a tax accountant about the implications of the discount points on your taxes.
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If the available loan terms cannot lower your rate further, you can use mortgage discount points to reduce your monthly payments. The one-time lump sum amount guarantees a lower rate for your loan over the long term.
Should I buy down the mortgage rate?
Before buying mortgage points, you need to consider your existing financial position and the years you plan to spend in your home. If you have extra cash in your reserves, prepaid interest rates are an excellent investment.
You may also have to determine the strength of the points in reducing your interest rates. You can negotiate with the mortgage lender for a more favorable rate reduction plan. The savings you hope to enjoy should exceed the discount points’ cost.
If you plan on refinancing your home, you should avoid buying the mortgage points. Most refinance loans have a lower interest charge, negating the initial investment on the discount points.
If you want to learn if buying points to lower your interest rate is right for you, or if you’re interested in other products and services, contact a loan officer at CrossCountry Mortgage today.
